SECTION 5.2
399
Text State Param eters and Operators
the effect of expanding the distance between glyphs (see Figure 5.6), whereas for
vertical writing, a
negative
value of
T
c
has this effect.
T
c
= 0 (default)
T
c
= 0.25
Character
Character
FIGURE 5.6
Character spacing in horizontal writing
5.2.2 Word Spacing
Word spacing works the same way as character spacing but applies only to the
space character, code 32. The word-spacing parameter,
T
w
, is added to the
glyph’s horizontal or vertical displacement (depending on the writing mode). For
horizontal writing, a positive value for
T
w
has the effect of increasing the spacing
between words. For vertical writing, a positive value for
T
w
decreases
the spacing
between words (and a negative value increases it), since vertical coordinates in-
crease from bottom to top. Figure 5.7 illustrates the effect of word spacing in
horizontal writing.
T
w
= 0 (default)
T
w
= 2.5
Word Space
Word Space
FIGURE 5.7
Word spacing in horizontal writing
Note:
Word spacing is applied to every occurrence of the single-byte character code
32 in a string when using a simple font or a composite font that defines code 32 as a
single-byte code. It does not apply to occurrences of the byte value 32 in multiple-
byte codes.