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                                              647
      SECTION 8.5                                                                 Actions



      In situations other than the usual case where the PDF page size equals the printed
      page size, watermark annotations with a FixedPrint entry should be printed in the
      following manner:

      • When page tiling is selected in a viewer application (that is, a single PDF page
        is printed on multiple pages), the annotations are printed at the specified size
        and position on each page to ensure that any enclosed content is present and
        legible on each printed page.
      • When n-up printing is selected (that is, multiple PDF pages are printed on a
        single page), the annotations are printed at the specified size and are positioned
        as if the dimensions of the printed page were limited to a single portion of the
        page. This ensures that any enclosed content does not overlap content from
        other pages, thus rendering it illegible. (See implementation note 97 in Appen-
        dix H.)


 8.5 Actions

      Instead of simply jumping to a destination in the document, an annotation or
      outline item can specify an action (PDF 1.1) for the viewer application to per-
      form, such as launching an application, playing a sound, or changing an annota-
      tion’s appearance state. The optional A entry in the annotation or outline item
      dictionary (see Tables 8.15 on page 606 and 8.4 on page 585) specifies an action
      to be performed when the annotation or outline item is activated; in PDF 1.2, a
      variety of other circumstances may trigger an action as well (see Section 8.5.2,
      “Trigger Events”). In addition, the optional OpenAction entry in a document’s
      catalog (Section 3.6.1, “Document Catalog”) may specify an action to be per-
      formed when the document is opened. PDF includes a wide variety of standard
      action types, described in detail in Section 8.5.3, “Action Types.”


8.5.1 Action Dictionaries

      An action dictionary defines the characteristics and behavior of an action. Table
      8.43 shows the required and optional entries that are common to all action
      dictionaries. The dictionary may contain additional entries specific to a particu-
      lar action type; see the descriptions of individual action types in Section 8.5.3,
      “Action Types,” for details.

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